An investigation of land use changes and their effects on biodiversity in Ikot Ekpene Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State.
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Background of the study
Rapid land use changes due to urbanization, agricultural expansion, and industrial activities have profound implications for biodiversity. In Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State, these changes are transforming natural habitats and disrupting ecological processes (Udo, 2023). This study investigates how shifts in land use—from forested areas to agricultural and urban landscapes—affect species diversity and ecosystem integrity. As natural habitats are fragmented or entirely replaced by human-dominated landscapes, biodiversity loss becomes a critical concern. Recent research highlights the importance of preserving ecological corridors and implementing sustainable land management practices to safeguard native species (Ekanem, 2024). By utilizing remote sensing data, field surveys, and ecological modeling, the study aims to quantify biodiversity changes over time and identify key drivers behind habitat alterations. The research will contribute to the formulation of effective conservation policies that balance development needs with biodiversity preservation, ensuring the long-term sustainability of local ecosystems (Obong, 2023).
Statement of the problem
Ikot Ekpene is experiencing significant biodiversity loss due to rapid and unplanned land use changes. The conversion of natural habitats into agricultural and urban areas has led to habitat fragmentation and species decline. This situation is exacerbated by limited regulatory frameworks and unsustainable development practices. The resulting ecological imbalance threatens the integrity of local ecosystems and the services they provide, making it imperative to understand and mitigate the adverse impacts of land use change (Udo, 2023; Ekanem, 2024).
Objectives of the study:
• To assess the extent of land use changes in Ikot Ekpene.
• To evaluate the impact of these changes on local biodiversity.
• To recommend conservation strategies that mitigate adverse effects.
Research questions:
• What are the predominant land use changes occurring in Ikot Ekpene?
• How do these changes affect species diversity and habitat integrity?
• Which conservation measures can best preserve biodiversity?
Research Hypotheses:
• H1: Rapid land use change is significantly correlated with a decline in biodiversity.
• H2: Habitat fragmentation due to urbanization is a key driver of species loss.
• H3: Implementing sustainable land management practices can mitigate biodiversity loss.
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it provides a comprehensive analysis of how land use changes impact biodiversity in Ikot Ekpene. Its findings will guide conservation efforts and inform land management policies that promote sustainable development and ecological preservation (Obong, 2023).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to assessing the effects of land use changes on biodiversity in Ikot Ekpene Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State.
Definitions of terms:
• Land Use Change: The transformation of the natural landscape through human activities.
• Biodiversity: The variety of life forms within a given ecosystem.
• Habitat Fragmentation: The breaking up of continuous natural habitats into smaller, isolated patches.
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